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Continue topic for Children Growth Milestones
18 Months
Development
At this phase your baby is become a toddler. They will entered a world of energy, curiosity, independent and negativism. So that we can conclude that having a toddler bring new challenge to you as a parent.
As a toddler they can walk fast, can walk up stairs with one hand held and kick a ball more properly. Able to use a vocabulary of four to more than 10 words and may able to combine two words phrases. They can understands simple direction and can point to some body part correctly. They also can shows affection by kissing parent to show their love. On the other, they can imitates a crayon stroke on the paper. Feed themselves and drink by a cup and also used a spoon properly. Show their interest to read a book as well.
By this age, most children have received the following immunizations:
- 3 doses of Hepatitis B vaccine
- 4 doses of DTaP vaccine
- 4 doses of HIB vaccine
- 1 dose of the MMR vaccine
- 1 dose of the Chickenpox vaccine
- 4 doses of the Pneumococcal vaccine
- 3 doses of the Inactivated Polio Vaccine
As a parent, you must be alert to your toddler health and bring them to the pediatrician on time.
Parenting Roles and Tips
The 18-month-old child gets around easier and will soon be running. It is easy to except too much of our toddler. He or she looks so different from the crawling baby of a few months ago, and many parents think their youngster is no longer a baby. Keep rules to a minimum. Long speeches of explanation are completely useless. "Because I said so!" should be enough. Be firm and consistent, but loving and understanding with discipline. Praise your toddler for his or her good behavior and accomplishments. Encourage your toddler to make choices whenever possible, but the choices should be limited to those you can live with ("red shirt or green shirt.") Never ask a toddler an open question ("Do you want to take a bath?") unless you are willing to accept the answer.
Use the two "I's" of discipline (ignore or isolate) rather than the two "S's" (shouting or spanking). Keep time-out to no more than two minutes per child's age, and be consistent. When disciplining, try to make a verbal separation between the child and his or her behavior ("I love you, but I do not like it when you touch the VCR." Pick-up your toddler, hold him or her, or remove her from dangerous situations. Reassure the toddler once the negative behavior has stopped. Provide alternatives. "No, you cannot play with the telephone, but you can play with these blocks."
Avoid power struggles with your toddler. No one wins! The toddler uses a powerful weapon against the parents: the temper tantrum! These occur when the toddler is angry, tired, frustrated, or does not get his or her way. Most of the time, what happens during the tantrum is fairly predictable. Occasionally a child this age my get so angry he or she will hold his or her breath and pass out. Not to worry - once they do, the body's reflexes take over and your child will start breathing again on his or her own. Again, handle temper tantrums with the two I's of discipline - ignore or isolate (time out!).
Reinforce self-care and self-expression. Praise what the child does for himself (putting his hand in a sleeve, putting meat on a fork, washing his hands, etc.) Parents should say "...and you did that all by yourself!" The 18-month old child is highly pleased by parental approval. Show affection in the family. Be a good role model by using seat belts, avoiding tobacco and showing respect for others. The toddler is a great imitator. Do not expect the toddler to share toys, wait for his or her food in a restaurant, or be patient while you try on clothes at the store or go food shopping.
Early toilet training does not mean your child is super smart. Pushing the toddler will only make him or her rebel and be in diapers even longer. Signs that a child might be ready are dry for periods of about two hours, knows the difference between wet and dry, can pull his or her pants up and down, wants to learn, and can give a signal when he or she is about to have a bowel movement. If you insist on toilet training when your child is not ready, a battle will develop ... and it is a battle you cannot win! Discuss toilet training with your child's pediatrician to get his or her views.
Remember that aggressive behaviors - hitting and biting - are common at this age. They are, of course, not acceptable behaviors. How parents respond to them determines if the behavior will continue. Do not discourage your child from using a security object - a stuffed animal, favorite blanket, etc. These are important for a toddler and the child will give it up when he or she is ready. (They usually do not take them to high school!) Despite your child's desire to become independent, you will find the 18-month-old will still cling to a parent. Read simple stories to the child regularly, especially at bedtime, to enrich his verbal expression and increase his interest in the spoken language and his listening skills.
Limit television viewing and do not use it as a substitute for interaction with the child. Watch children's programs with the child when possible. The principal caregiver should be encouraged to arrange time for himself/herself. Raising a toddler can often be demanding. Praise the child when they are behaving well, and always show affection
Two Years
Development
Our children no longer a baby. They become more independent. They can drink n feed them self and ran away faster. On this age stage they become an active toddler and can follow instruction from us very well. They will assert independent at mealtime, bedtime and during attempts at toilet training. At this moment your children should be can achieve a few things such as:
- Can Open the Door and Kicks a ball
- Jump in the floor using both feet
- Use the spoon and drink in a cup very well
- Attract to join adult activities
- Ask a simple question such 'What is this mom?'
- Can talk mare than 50 vocabulary and make a simple sentence
Parenting Roles and Tips
- Use picture books to enrich your child's vocabulary. Reading books to your child will help with language development.
- Arrange times for safe running and exploring outdoors.
- Playmates are important, so allow your child to experience playing with peers. This can be accomplished in a preschool, play group or just having another 2-year-olds over for a few hours. Do not expect sharing at this age.
- Limit television viewing. Do not use the TV as a baby sitter or as a substitute for interaction with your child. Watch children's programs with the child when possible. Turn the TV off during meals.
- Do not worry if your child becomes curious about body parts. This is normal at this age. It is best to use the correct terms for genitals.
- Spend time teaching your child how to play. Encourage imaginative play and sharing of toys (but do not be surprised if the 2-year-old does not want to share his or her toys with anyone else).
- The 2-year-old may adopt a security object (such as a blanket, favorite stuffed toy, etc.) that he or she keeps with him or her most of the time. This is normal and the youngster will give it up when he or she is ready.
- Parents should continue to take some time for themselves. Show affection in the family.
- Keep family outings with a 2-year-old short and simple. The child this age has a short attention span and lengthy activities will cause the child to become irritable and tired.
- Allow any older siblings to have things he or she does not have to share with the 2-year-old.
- Many parents are beginning to plan for another child around this time. If you are, discuss with your pediatrician the best way to discuss the expected baby and the changes that will occur in the family.
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